This week in 1852

“Gentlemen, I ask your pardon for all my offenses, and
expect yours in return.”

— Chief Antonio Garra, convicted of murder, firing squad, California.
Executed January 16, 1852

A Native American educated at San Luis Rey mission near San Diego, Chief Garra of the Cupenos tribe attempted to unite Californian tribes to attack and drive out white settlers. Federal soldiers refused to preside over Garra’s trial but provided the ammunition for a citizens’ militia to carry out the execution. Garra was tried before a militia court-martial, found guilty, and shot. January 10 has alternately been reported as his execution date.